08
Government Communications Security Bureau
for the year ended 30 June 2008
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PO Box 12209, Thorndon
Wellington, New Zealand
T: +64 4 472 6881
F: +64 4 499 3701
E: info@gcsb.govt.nz
W: www.gcsb.govt.nz
G.56
Annual Report
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Letter of Transmittal
Prime Minister
I have the honour to present to you the report of the Government Communications Security Bureau for
the year ended 30 June 2008.
Bruce Ferguson
Director
A
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Table of Contents
Director’s Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................1
Part 1: Statement of Purpose ............................................................................................................... 2
Vision ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
Mission ..........................................................................................................................................................................................4
Outcomes and Outputs ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Part 2: Year in Review ............................................................................................................................6
Output Class 1: Signals Intelligence ....................................................................................................................................7
Output Class 2: Information Assurance ............................................................................................................................. 8
Legal and Oversight ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
Organisational Information .................................................................................................................................................10
People Capability .................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Part 3: Financial Reporting .................................................................................................................12
Statement of Responsibility ................................................................................................................................................13
Statement of Expenditure and Appropriation ..............................................................................................................14
Audit Report ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15
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Director’s Overview
The ever-changing nature of intelligence requirements and the rapid pace of
technological change pose particular challenges for the GCSB in planning for the
future.
Those planning challenges have been identied and a number of key initiatives
have been undertaken this year with the aim of collecting and producing
intelligence from a diverse range of sources to meet high priority customer-driven
requirements, and to ensure that ocial information and the critical national
infrastructure are properly protected.
These are large tasks and the GCSB does not operate alone in achieving them. Over
the last year GCSB has worked very hard to develop the kind of proactive
partnerships required to deliver these outcomes, especially with the Ministry of
Foreign Aairs and Trade, the New Zealand Defence Force and the New Zealand
Security Intelligence Service. GCSB views these partnerships as the foundation of a
sector-wide approach to intelligence and security challenges.
The progress outlined in this report indicates that the GCSB is continuing to
strengthen the foundations upon which we will build New Zealand’s future Foreign
Intelligence and Information Assurance capabilities.
Bruce Ferguson
Director
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2
Part 1: Statement of Purpose
Vision
Mastery of Cyberspace for the Security of New Zealand
Mission
The Mission of the GCSB is to inform and enhance the decision-making processes of the New Zealand
Government in the areas of national security, foreign policy, support to law enforcement, and information
assurance:
providing foreign intelligence to support and inform Government decision making; ◊
providing an all-hours intelligence watch and warning service to Government; ◊
ensuring the integrity, availability and condentiality of ocial information through information ◊
assurance services to Government; and
enhances the protection of the critical national infrastructure from cyber threats.◊
Outcomes
The Government obtains services from the Bureau to contribute towards ve sector outcomes:
Increased National Security;◊
Prevention of Terrorism and Major Criminal Activity; ◊
Increased International Security and Global Order;◊
Improved Government Decision Making and Planning; and◊
Improved Economic Performance.◊
1010110110101110101011011100110100101100011011000010111010001101001011011110110111001110011001000000101001101110010101100011011101010111001001101001011101000111100100100000010000100111010101110010011001010110000101110101010001110110111101110110011001010111001001101
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3
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Outcomes and Outputs
The relationship between the GCSB’s outcomes and its agreed outputs is shown in Figure 1:
Government
Goal
Protect and advance the security of New Zealand
Outcomes
1
A better informed
Government
2
A Government
alerted to any
external threats
3
New Zealand’s
international
standing is
enhanced
4
Ocial
information is
protected
5
Critical National Infrastructure
is protected.
Output
Classes
Class 1. Signals Intelligence Class 2. Information Assurance
Output
1.1
SIGINT Reports
1.2
Intelligence Alerts
and Warnings
1.3
SIGINT Policy and
Support
2.1
Information
Assurance
Policy and
Support
2.2
Information
Assurance
Security
Services
2.3
Critical
Infrastructure
Protection
Services
Figure 1 - GCSB Outcomes and Outputs
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4
Part 2: The Year in Review
Output Class 1: Signals Intelligence
A Better Informed Government
The Bureau seeks to contribute to the Government of New Zealand’s decision-making process by providing foreign
intelligence that aims to build a contextual picture of the increasingly complex international environment within
which New Zealand must operate.
The GCSB provides intelligence reports derived from foreign signals in response to the requirements and priorities
of New Zealand government departments and agencies. These reports aim to enhance Government decision-
making in the areas of security and defence, international relations and economic well-being. This process is
driven by the New Zealand Government’s Foreign Intelligence Requirements (FIRs) and all GCSB intelligence
production is prioritised according to these FIRs. During the 2007/08 year the GCSB wrote 2206 reports against
139 FIRs.
The GCSB is also responsible for the provision of support to other departments and agencies (particularly the
NZDF). The GCSB has continued to focus throughout the year on developing partnerships with key stakeholders
to ensure tailored intelligence and information assurance support in meeting their outcomes.
A Government Alerted to Any External Threats
The Bureau seeks to ensure that the New Zealand Government is alerted to any and all external threats through
the provision of timely information that prevents or reduces any detrimental eect on New Zealand society.
GCSB provides a 24 hour 7 day a week New Zealand SIGINT Operations Centre (NZSOC) which is in direct contact
with operational support or command elements of the NZDF and New Zealand Police. The NZSOC noties
customers when information is received that may aect the safety and/or security of New Zealanders and New
Zealand entities both at home and overseas.
The Bureau, in concert with integrated NZDF sta where appropriate, provides intelligence and threat warning
support to NZDF military operations, and advice on intelligence matters to the NZDF and a range of other
Government departments and agencies.
Output Class 2: Information Assurance
Ocial Information is Protected
A key requirement for the Bureau is to ensure that ocial information is appropriately protected through
improving the awareness, and hence implementation, of Information Assurance (IA) measures across government
to improve the security of electronically held, processed or transmitted ocial information.
The Bureau seeks to achieve this by assisting departments and agencies to take the appropriate measures for the
protection of ocial information and the critical national infrastructure. This is achieved through provision of a
range of IA advisory services, and a formal education and training programme to assist departments to develop,
apply and maintain departmental IA governance conforming to national standards.
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The Bureau also provides an IA Inspection Programme which aims to deter and detect unauthorised electronic
surveillance of New Zealand government premises or equipment, at home or abroad, and Communications
Security (COMSEC) material including cryptographic devices and keying material. The number of domestic
inspections increased by 12% this year, and the number of overseas inspections increased by 54%.
Demand for the Bureau’s IA education and training services remained high in all areas during the year with a
reduction in the number of courses conducted but a 30% increase in the total number of students.
Critical National Infrastructure is Protected
The Centre for Critical Infrastructure Protection (CCIP)provides a 24-hour 7-day watch-and-warn service, network
investigation and analysis services, and an outreach and training programme. The CCIP assists owners and
operators of New Zealand’s critical infrastructure in both the public and private sectors to protect their operations
from cyber threats.
The CCIP participates in a number of international forums such as the International Watch & Warn forum and
the International Electricity Infrastructure Assurance Forum, as well as a number of national Critical Information
Infrastructure organisations and forums.
During the year the CCIP reacted to major 10 cyber incidents, 35 compromised accounts incidents and published
eleven monthly reports, twenty-ve e-Bulletins, twenty advisories and 2,235 alerts.
The CCIP continued to provide a 24-hour watch-and-warn service in conjunction with the NZSOC, and regularly
published updates and alerts relating to threats to critical infrastructure on its website (www.ccip.govt.nz).
Oversight and Review
The GCSB (in common with the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service) is subject to oversight by the Inspector-
General of Intelligence and Security, Hon Paul Neazor QC. The principal role of the Inspector-General is to assist
the Minister in the oversight and review of New Zealand’s intelligence and security agencies.
The Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security visited the Bureau during the reporting period to conduct
routine inspections of GCSB warrants and authorisations.
The Intelligence and Security Committee is a statutory committee of Parliamentarians established by the
Intelligence and Security Committee Act 1996. The Intelligence and Security Committee met three times during
the year to consider, inter alia, the GCSB’s Annual Report, and other nancial and performance information.
Internal Audit
The Bureau’s Internal Audit function covers both the audit of selected performance issues and the maintenance
of ongoing nancial controls.
PriceWaterhouseCoopers is contracted by the Bureau to provide Internal Audit Finance functions. During the
year they conducted three reviews as part of the internal audit programme. These were:
Managing Costs and Outputs;◊
Departmental Control Evaluation; and◊
Budgeting and Planning.◊
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6
Legal and Compliance
The Bureau maintains a small team to provide advice on legal and compliance matters. During the year the team
provided advice on the application and interpretation of the GCSB Act and other legislation relevant to the
operations and administration of the Bureau.
Statement on Interception Warrants
A number of Foreign Interception Warrants, issued pursuant to section 17 of the Government Communications
Security Bureau Act 2003, were in force during the year ended 30 June 2008.
Statement on Computer Access Authorisations
A number of Computer Access Authorisations, issued pursuant to section 19 of the Government Communications
Security Bureau Act 2003, were in force during the year ended 30 June 2008.
Corporate Capability
Good Employer Requirements
The Bureau is a department of the Public Service, and operates in accordance with section 56 of the State Sector
Act 1988, which requires departments to operate a personnel policy that complies with the principle of being
a ‘good employer’. This requires departments to provide for the fair and proper treatment of employees in all
aspects of their employment.
People Strategy
Work continued during the year on the development of the GCSB People Strategy, which is designed to be exible
enough to allow the Bureau to be responsive to the quickly changing operational environment within which
it operates. In the 2007/08 year progress was made on a range of issues, including the development of
an organisation-wide competency framework.
Encouraging Diversity within the GCSB
The Bureau recognises that understanding and knowledge of dierent perspectives enhances the
performance of its employees and hence the organisation. In addition to complying fully with the
Human Rights Act 1993 and the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990, we are endeavouring to achieve
this through:
ensuring that all employees have equal access to employment opportunities;◊
membership of the EEO Trust; and◊
fostering of non-discriminatory practices within the GCSB’s recruitment procedures.◊
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7
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STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY
In terms of sections 35 and 37 of the Public Finance Act 1989, I am responsible as Chief Executive of the Government
Communications Security Bureau, for the preparation of the Bureau’s nancial statements and the judgements
made in the process of producing those statements.
I have the responsibility of establishing and maintaining, and I have established and maintained, a system of
internal control procedures that provide reasonable assurance as to the integrity and reliability of nancial
reporting.
In my opinion, these nancial statements fairly reect the nancial position and operations of the Bureau for the
year ended 30 June 2008.
Bruce Ferguson
Director GCSB
25 September 2008
Countersigned by
C B G Carson BCA, CA
Chief Financial Ocer
25 September 2008
Part 3: Financial Reporting
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8
The total appropriation was $40.345 million.
The expenditure out-turn on the Vote was $41.133 million or 1.95% more than the appropriation.
$000
Total appropriation…………………………………………………………………............ $40.345
Actual Expenditure………………………………………………………………................. $41.133
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9
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AUDIT REPORT
TO THE READERS OF
THE GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY BUREAU’S
STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND APPROPRIATION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2008
The Auditor-General is the auditor of the Government Communications Security Bureau (the Bureau).
The Auditor General has appointed me, Stephen Lucy, using the sta and resources of Audit New Zealand,
to carry out the audit of the statement of expenditure and appropriation (the statement) of the Bureau,
on his behalf for the year ended 30 June 2008.
Unqualied Opinion
In our opinion the statement of the Bureau on page 13 fairly reects the actual expenses and capital
expenditure against the Bureau’s appropriation for the year ended 30 June 2008.
The audit was completed on 25 September 2008, and is the date at which our opinion is expressed.
The basis of our opinion is explained below. In addition, we outline the responsibilities of the Chief
Executive and the Auditor, and explain our independence.
Basis of Opinion
We carried out the audit in accordance with the Auditor General’s Auditing Standards, which
incorporate the New Zealand Auditing Standards.
We planned and performed the audit to obtain all the information and explanations we considered
necessary in order to obtain reasonable assurance that the nancial statements did not have material
misstatements, whether caused by fraud or error.
Material misstatements are dierences or omissions of amounts and disclosures that would aect a
reader’s overall understanding of the nancial statements. If we had found material misstatements that
were not corrected, we would have referred to them in our opinion.
The audit involved performing procedures to test the information presented in the nancial statements.
We assessed the results of those procedures in forming our opinion.
Audit procedures generally include:
• determiningwhethersignicantnancialandmanagementcontrolsareworkingandcanbe
relied on to produce complete and accurate data;
• verifyingsamplesoftransactionsandaccountbalances;
• performinganalysestoidentifyanomaliesinthereporteddata;
• reviewingsignicantestimatesandjudgementsmadebytheChiefExecutive;
We did not examine every transaction, nor do we guarantee complete accuracy of the statement.
Audit Report
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10
Responsibilities of the Chief Executive and the Auditor
The Chief Executive is responsible for preparing a statement that provides a record of the total of actual
expenses and capital expenditure incurred for the year against the Bureau’s appropriation for that
nancial year. The Chief Executive’s responsibilities arise from section 45E of the Public Finance Act
1989.
We are responsible for expressing an independent opinion on the statement and reporting that opinion
to you. This responsibility arises from section 15 of the Public Audit Act 2001 and section 45D(2) of the
Public Finance Act 1989.
Independence
When carrying out the audit we followed the independence requirements of the Auditor General,
which incorporate the independence requirements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of New
Zealand.
In addition to the audit we have carried out an independent review over costings for implementing a
telecommunications solution relating to the Telecommunications (Interception Capability) Act 2004,
which is compatible with those independence requirements.
Other than the audit and this assignment, we have no relationship with or interests in the Bureau.
S B Lucy
Audit New Zealand
On behalf of the Auditor-General
Wellington, New Zealand
Matters Relating to the Electronic Presentation of the Audited Statement of Expenditure and
Appropriation
This audit report relates to the statement of expenditure and appropriation of the Government
Communications Security Bureau (the Bureau) for the year ended 30 June 2008 included on the Bureau’s
website. The Bureau’s Chief Executive is responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the Bureau’s website.
We have not been engaged to report on the integrity of the Bureau’s website. We accept no responsibility for
any changes that may have occurred to the statement of expenditure and appropriation since it was initially
presented on the website.
The audit report refers only to the statement of expenditure and appropriation named above. It does not
provide an opinion on any other information which may have been hyperlinked to or from the statement of
expenditure and appropriation. If readers of this report are concerned with the inherent risks arising from
electronic data communication they should refer to the published hard copy of the audited statement of
expenditure and appropriation as well as the related audit report dated 25 September 2008 to conrm the
information included in the audited statement of expenditure and appropriation presented on this website.
Legislation in New Zealand governing the preparation and dissemination of nancial information may dier
from legislation in other jurisdictions.
G
O
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PO Box 12209, Thorndon
Wellington, New Zealand
T: +64 4 472 6881
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